Historic mug shots of the famed civil rights campaigners known as the Freedom Riders have been brought back to life through colorization.
The photos, which have been delicately restored and transformed, depict a number of the Freedom Riders in police mug shots after being arrested for a variety of offenses while fighting for civil rights causes in the 1960s.
The Freedom Riders were formed on May 4, 1961, by a group of six black and seven white civil rights activists.
The group traveled together on public buses from Washington DC to America's deep south where white members would attempt to enter black only areas and vice-versa in order to challenge segregation in the region.
The newly colorized photos depict a number of the Freedom Riders in police mug shots after being arrested for a variety of offenses while fighting for civil rights causes in the 1960s. William Edd Harbour (left), then 19, was expelled from his Tennessee college due to his participation in the Freedom Rides. David Kerr Morton (right), was arrested at the bus depot in Jackson, Mississippi, for attempting to order a meal in the 'negro' section, in defiance of the segregation laws of the time
The Freedom Riders were formed on May 4, 1961, by a group of six black and seven white civil rights activists. Joan Trumpauer Mulholland was also one of those arrested as part of the Freedom Rides in 1961. By the time she was 19 years old, Civil Rights Activist participated in over three dozen sit-ins and protests she was put on death row in Mississippi for her role in one of the movement's rides
The Freedom Riders traveled together on public buses from Washington DC to America's deep south where white members would attempt to enter black only areas and vice-versa in order to challenge segregation in the region. Claire O'Connor (left) was a 22-year-old nurse and student at University of Minnesota when she was arrested in Jackson, Mississippi in 1961. Kredelle Petway (right) was a 20-year-old student at Florida A&M University in Tallahassee, Florida, when she was arrested for her participation in the Freedom Rides during the summer of 1961
Now-Congressman John Lewis was among the group of original Freedom Riders and was the first to be assaulted by people who opposed their movement.
Two men attacked him as he tried to enter a whites-only waiting room in Rock Hill, South Carolina, battering his face and kicking him in the ribs.
Two weeks later, Lewis, who was 21 at the time, joined a Freedom Ride to Jackson.
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ShareOn May 14 the Riders were confronted by hundreds of white nationalists in Alabama who proceeded to bomb one of the buses and brutally beat the Freedom Riders.
The group's actions received a large amount of national and international interest, drawing hundreds of new Freedom Riders to the cause.
Upon reaching Jackson, Lewis was arrested on May 24, 1961, for trying to use a whites-only restroom.
On May 14 the Riders were confronted by hundreds of white nationalists in Alabama who proceeded to bomb one of the buses and brutally beat the Freedom Riders. Winonah Margaret Beamer (left), then 19, was arrested at 5.35am at the Central depot after arriving in Jackson from Nashville. Helene Dorothy (right), who was arrested in Jackson in June 1961, was 26 and worked for CORE, an organization that sponsored the Freedom Rides
The rides continued for the following months and under pressure from the Kennedy administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission issued new regulations prohibiting segregated transport facilities. Patricia Elaine Bryant (left), then 20, was member of the 12th group of Freedom Riders that were arrested in Jackson, coming from Nashville at 5.30am on June 8, 1961. Jorgia Siegel (right), then 19, was arrested on June 20, 1961, for a breach of the peace after sitting next to a black person on a bus. She spent 40 days in jail
Now-Congressman John Lewis was among the group of original Freedom Riders and was the first to be assaulted by people who opposed their movement. Upon reaching Jackson, Mississippi, he was arrested
Another Rider, David Kerr Morton, was arrested at the bus depot in Jackson, Mississippi, for deliberately attempting to order a meal in the 'negro' section, in defiance of the segregation laws of the time.
Joan Trumpauer Mulholland was also one of those arrested and spent two months on death row in the fearsome Parchman Penitentiary for her part in one of the movement's rides.
Many of the Freedom rides were sponsored by the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), while others were organized by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). John Luther Dolan, then 20, was a member of CORE and was arrested at a train depot in Jackson in 1961
The rides continued for the following months and under pressure from the Kennedy administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission issued new regulations prohibiting segregated transport facilities.
Many of the Freedom rides were sponsored by the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), while others were organized by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
Nearly 75 per cent of the Riders were between 18 and 30 years old, and many were college students. A quarter were women, and about half of the Riders were black.
Their mugshots give a glimpse into the participants' emotions following their arrest, with some showing defiance, pride and fear.
Lewis, who at the time had already taken part in sit-ins to desegregate lunch counters in Nashville, can be seen with a half smile on his face as police took his mugshot in Jackson.
Photographs of several Riders were restored and transformed into color by 39-year-old artist Matt Loughrey, from Westport in Ireland.
'I think Joan's photograph really examples innocence and resilience in a situation of total and utter chaos,' said Loughrey. 'But all their faces symbolize determination and resilience in the face of adversity, which was born out of racism.
'These photos remind us that people before us paved a way forward through their sacrifice, they were judged willingly in order to combat racism, taking on a cultural divide despite being punished.
'Even so, right now the world is awash with cultural divide, resentment and fear and we are still falling short in the areas of life that the Freedom Riders took on.'
Striking images like these are featured in British author Michael D. Carroll's new book on the colorization of historical images.
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